AFAIK, currently all debit cards are US-based. Mastercard - US based, VISA - US based. We used to have girocard in Germany, but it’s being phased out by most banks in favor of one of the US solutions. There used to be the EC system but as I understand it, it’s gone for a while now.
Do we currently have any card-based European payment solutions? How much money do we actually give to the US just for the luxury of being able to pay by card?
In Norway we have BankAxept. Debit cards issued by Norwegian banks have BankAxept and an international system like Visa or Mastercard. Basically all domestic debit card payments are via BankAxept. It costs less for the stores, because the fees are lower. And it costs less for society, because the money isn’t just transferred abroad. As far as I know, the same applies to Vipps (our mobile payment solution).